Chapter 12 ISCAM Ch. 3 Intro
CHAPTER 3: COMPARING TWO GROUPS.
In this chapter, you will focus on comparing results from two groups on a categorical variable. These groups could be samples from different populations or they could have been deliberately formed during the design of the study (a third source of possible randomness). You will again consider multiple ways to analyze the statistical significance of the difference in the groups, namely simulation, exact methods, and normal approximations to answer whether the observed difference in the groups could have happened “by chance alone.” You will also continue to consider issues of statistical confidence and types of errors. A key consideration to keep in mind will be the scope of conclusions that you can draw from the study based on how the data were collected.
Section 1: Comparing two population proportions
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Investigation 3.1: Teen Hearing Loss (cont.) – Tables, conditional proportions, bar graphs, z-procedures
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Investigation 3.2: Nightlights and Near-sightedness – Association, confounding
Section 2: Types of Studies
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Investigation 3.3: Handwriting and SAT Scores – Observational studies and Experiments
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Investigation 3.4: Botox for Back Pain – Designing experiments
Section 3: Comparing two treatment probabilities
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Investigation 3.5: Dolphin Therapy – Randomization test
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Investigation 3.6: Is Yawning Contagious? – Fisher’s Exact Test
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Investigation 3.7: CPR vs. Chest Compressions – z-procedures
Section 4: Other statistics
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Investigation 3.8: Peanut Allergies – Relative risk
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Investigation 3.9: Smoking and Lung Cancer – Types of observational studies, Odds ratios
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Investigation 3.10: Sleepy Drivers – Application
Chapter 3 Wrap-Up
