Section 22.15 Vocabulary
- Resource Acquisition Is Initialization (RAII):
- A programming idiom where resources are acquired and released in a way that ensures proper cleanup, typically by using an object to manage their lifetime.
- shallow copy:
- A copy of an object that shares the same memory for its non-primitive members, leading to potential issues if the original object is modified or destroyed.
- deep copy:
- A copy of an object that duplicates all of its data, including any dynamically allocated memory, ensuring that the original and copy are independent.
- dynamic memory:
- Memory that is allocated at runtime using operators like
newanddeletein C++. This allows for flexible memory usage, but also requires careful management to avoid leaks. - heap:
- A region of memory used for dynamic memory allocation, where blocks of memory can be allocated and freed in an arbitrary order.
- stack:
- A region of memory used for automatic memory allocation, where function call information is stored.
- LIFO:
- Last In, First Out - a principle where the last item added to a structure is the first one to be removed, commonly used in stack data structures.
- segment (memory):
- A contiguous block of memory that is allocated for a specific purpose, such as the stack or heap.
- memory leak:
- A situation where a program allocates memory but fails to release it, leading to increased memory usage over time.
- deallocate:
- The process of releasing previously allocated memory back to the system, making it available for future allocations.
- Rule of Three:
- A guideline in C++ that states if a class manages resources it requires a user-defined destructor, copy constructor, and assignment operator.
- subscript operator:
- The
[]symbols, between which an index is specified to access elements in a container.
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