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11.23. Code Practice with Object Oriented Concepts

Write a method that overloads the talk method by taking in a name and printing “Hello” with that name.

public class Test1 { public static void talk() { System.out.println("hello there!"); } public static // FINISH THE METHOD HERE // public static void main(String[] args) { talk("Matthew"); } }

Overloading is when several methods have the same name but different parameter types, order, or number. In this case, the original method had no parameters and we overloaded it by creating a talk method with a String parameter.

public class Test1 { public static void talk() { System.out.println("hello there!"); } public static void talk(String name) { System.out.println("Hello " + name); } public static void main(String[] args) { talk("Matthew"); } }

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Create an interface named Test that has a void talk method and void walk method. Check your answer with the answer tab instead of running it!

We declare an interface similarly to how we declare a class, first put its access modifier (public, private, etc) then what it is, which in this case would be interface. Since it is an interface, it is important to remember that the methods cannot have a body. They will be public and abstract methods even if you don’t use those keywords when you declare the methods.

public interface Test { public void talk(); public void walk(); }

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Edit this code so the class Beagle is a subclass of the Dog class. When you run the code it should print “woof!” and then “arf arf”

public class Dog { public void speak() { System.out.println("woof!"); } public static void main(String[] args) { Dog d = new Dog(); d.speak(); Dog b = new Beagle(); b.speak(); } } class Beagle { public void speak() { System.out.println("arf arf"); } }

In order to specify the parent class, use the extends keyword in the class header of the child class.

public class Dog { public void speak() { System.out.println("woof!"); } public static void main(String[] args) { Dog d = new Dog(); d.speak(); Dog b = new Beagle(); b.speak(); } } class Beagle extends Dog { public void speak() { System.out.println("arf arf"); } }

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Add an equals method to this class that returns true if the current Dog and passed Dog have the same name. The code should print false twice then true twice.

public class Dog { private String name; public Dog(String name) { this.name = name; } public boolean equals(Object other) { // ADD CODE HERE } public static void main(String[] args) { Dog d1 = new Dog("Rufus"); Dog d2 = new Dog("Sally"); Dog d3 = new Dog("Rufus"); Dog d4 = d3; System.out.println(d1.equals(d2)); System.out.println(d2.equals(d3)); System.out.println(d1.equals(d3)); System.out.println(d3.equals(d4)); } }

In order to override the equals method, the method header has to have the same return type and parameters as the equals method for the Object class. The code should print false twice then true twice.

public class Dog { private String name; public Dog(String name) { this.name = name; } public boolean equals(Object other) { Dog d1 = (Dog) other; return this.name.equals(d1.name); } public static void main(String[] args) { Dog d1 = new Dog("Rufus"); Dog d2 = new Dog("Sally"); Dog d3 = new Dog("Rufus"); Dog d4 = d3; System.out.println(d1.equals(d2)); System.out.println(d2.equals(d3)); System.out.println(d1.equals(d3)); System.out.println(d3.equals(d4)); } }

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Override the taste method from the Candy class in the Chocolate class to return “tastes chocolately”. It should print “tastes sweet!” and then “tastes chocolately”.

public class Candy { public String taste() { return "tastes sweet!" } public static void main(String[] args) { Candy c1 = new Candy(); System.out.println(c1.taste()); Candy c2 = new Chocolate(); System.out.println(c2.taste(); } } class Chocolate extends Candy { // ADD CODE HERE }

To override a method in a child class, you must have the same return types and parameters as the parent class’s method

public class Candy { public String taste() { return "tastes sweet!"; } public static void main(String[] args) { Candy c1 = new Candy(); System.out.println(c1.taste()); Candy c2 = new Chocolate(); System.out.println(c2.taste()); } } class Chocolate extends Candy { public String taste() { return ("tastes chocolately"); } }

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Overload the greet method to just print “Hello” if not given any parameters. It should print “Hello” and then “Hello Sansa”.

public class Student { public static void greet(String name) { System.out.println("Hello " + name); } public static void main(String[] args) { greet(); greet("Sansa"); } }

To overload a method, you use the same name as the method but change the parameters or return type.

public class Student { public static void greet() { System.out.println("Hello"); } public static void greet(String name) { System.out.println("Hello " + name); } public static void main(String[] args) { greet(); greet("Sansa"); } }

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Add a call to Pet’s brag method before printing anything in Dog’s brag method (hint: use super to call an overridden method). It should print “I have the best pet!” and then “I have the best dog”.

public class Pet { public void brag() { System.out.println("I have the best pet!"); } public static void main(String[] args) { Dog d1 = new Dog(); d1.brag(); } } class Dog extends Pet { public void brag() { // ADD CODE HERE System.out.println("I have the best dog!"); } }

In order to use a method that has been overwritten in a subclass, you can use super.methodName().

public class Pet { public void brag() { System.out.println("I have the best pet!"); } public static void main(String[] args) { Dog d1 = new Dog(); d1.brag(); } } class Dog extends Pet { public void brag() { super.brag(); System.out.println("I have the best dog!"); } }

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Finish the Teacher constructor. Use super to use the Person construtor to set the fields inherited from Person. It should print “Destini 20” followed by “Erica 55 Masters in Teaching”.

public class Person { private String name; private int age; public Person(String name, int age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } public String getName() { return this.name; } public int getAge() { return this.age; } public String toString() { return getName() + " " + getAge(); } public static void main(String[] args) { Person p = new Person("Destini", 20); System.out.println(p); Teacher p2 = new Teacher("Erica", 55, "Masters in Teaching"); System.out.println(p2); } } class Teacher extends Person { String degree; public String getDegree() { return this.degree; } public String toString() { return getName() + " " + getAge() + " " + getDegree(); } public Teacher(String name, int age, String theDegree) { // ADD CODE HERE } }

Use super(parm1,parm2) to call the parent’s constructor. This is especially useful to initialize inherited fields.

public class Person { private String name; private int age; public Person(String name, int age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } public String getName() { return this.name; } public int getAge() { return this.age; } public String toString() { return getName() + " " + getAge(); } public static void main(String[] args) { Person p = new Person("Destini", 20); System.out.println(p); Teacher p2 = new Teacher("Erica", 55, "Masters in Teaching"); System.out.println(p2); } } class Teacher extends Person { String degree; public String getDegree() { return this.degree; } public String toString() { return getName() + " " + getAge() + " " + getDegree(); } public Teacher(String name, int age, String theDegree) { super(name,age); this.degree = theDegree; } }

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Add public getter and setter methods to the Store class so its variables can be accessed by other classes. It should print the store’s name and address and then change both and print the new values.

public class Store { private String name; private String address; public Store(String theName, String theAddress) { this.name = theName; this.address = theAddress; } // ADD CODE HERE public String toString() { return this.name + "\n" + this.address; } public static void main(String[] args) { Store myStore = new Store("Barb's Store", "333 Main St."); System.out.println(myStore); myStore.setName("Barbara's Store"); myStore.setAddress("555 Pine St."); System.out.println(myStore); } }

A getter method is one that returns the value of a private variable and a setter method allows one to change the value of a private variable without having direct access to it.

public class Store { private String name; private String address; public Store(String theName, String theAddress) { this.name = theName; this.address = theAddress; } public String getName() { return this.name; } public String getAddress() { return this.address; } public void setName(String theName) { this.name = theName; } public void setAddress(String theAddress) { this.address = theAddress; } public String toString() { return this.name + "\n" + this.address; } public static void main(String[] args) { Store myStore = new Store("Barb's Store", "333 Main St."); System.out.println(myStore); myStore.setName("Barbara's Store"); myStore.setAddress("555 Pine St."); System.out.println(myStore); } }

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Correctly finish the Dog subclass for the following abstract Animal class. Override the abstract methods. It should print “woof” and then “num num”.

abstract class Animal { public String name; public int numLegs; public abstract void speak(); public abstract void eat(); public static void main(String[] args) { Dog myDog = new Dog(); myDog.speak(); myDog.eat(); } } public class Dog extends Animal { // ADD CODE HERE public static void main(String[] args) { Dog myDog = new Dog(); myDog.speak(); myDog.eat(); } }

For something to be a proper subclass of an abstract class, the subclass must include non-abstract versions of the methods from the abstract class.

abstract class Animal { public String name; public int numLegs; public abstract void speak(); public abstract void eat(); } public class Dog extends Animal { public void speak() { System.out.println("woof"); } public void eat() { System.out.println("nom nom"); } public static void main(String[] args) { Dog myDog = new Dog(); myDog.speak(); myDog.eat(); } }

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Override the compareTo method so that it returns a postive number if the current Person is older than the passed other and a negative number if they are younger. If their age is the same then return the compareTo result on the names.

public class Person implements Comparable<Person> { private String name; private int age; public Person(String name, int age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } public int compareTo(Person other) { // ADD CODE HERE } public static void main(String[] args) { Person p1 = new Person("Carlos",17); Person p2 = new Person("Lia",18); Person p3 = new Person("Asraf", 17); Person p4 = new Person("Lia", 17); Person p5 = new Person("Karla", 17); System.out.println(p1.compareTo(p2)); System.out.println(p2.compareTo(p3)); System.out.println(p3.compareTo(p1)); System.out.println(p4.compareTo(p3)); System.out.println(p4.compareTo(p5)); } }

By overriding the compareTo method you are able to compare objects based on specified factors.

public class Person implements Comparable<Person> { private String name; private int age; public Person(String name, int age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } public int compareTo(Person other) { if (this.age != other.age) { return this.age - other.age; } else { return this.name.compareTo(other.name); } } public static void main(String[] args) { Person p1 = new Person("Carlos",17); Person p2 = new Person("Lia",18); Person p3 = new Person("Asraf", 17); Person p4 = new Person("Lia", 17); Person p5 = new Person("Karla", 17); System.out.println(p1.compareTo(p2)); System.out.println(p2.compareTo(p3)); System.out.println(p3.compareTo(p1)); System.out.println(p4.compareTo(p3)); System.out.println(p4.compareTo(p5)); } }

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Override the Person class’s speak function inside the Student class. Make the function print “I’m a student”.

public class Person { public void speak() { System.out.println("I'm a person"); } public static void main(String[] args) { Person p1 = new Student(); p1.speak(); } } class Student extends Person { // ADD CODE HERE }

In the Student class we add a public void method called speak() and print “I’m a student” inside. It is important to remember that in order to override a function you must have the same method header and parameters!

public class Person { public void speak() { System.out.println("I'm a person"); } public static void main(String[] args) { Person p1 = new Student(); p1.speak(); } } class Student extends Person { public void speak() { System.out.println("I'm a student"); } }

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