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Chapter 10 Exercises

1. Fix 4 syntax errors in the code below to correctly draw a square

   from turtle import # use the turtle library space = screen() # create a turtle space alisha = Turtle # create a turtle named alisha alisha.setheading(90) # point due north for sides in [1,2,3]: # repeat the indented lines 4 times alisha.forward(100) # move forward by 100 units alisha.right(90) # turn by 90 degrees

   Add a * at the end of line 1. Change screen to Screen in line 2. Add () at the end of line 3. Change line 5 to [1,2,3,4].

   from turtle import * # use the turtle library space = Screen() # create a turtle space alisha = Turtle() # create a turtle named alisha alisha.setheading(90) # point due north for sides in [1,2,3,4]: # repeat the indented lines 4 times alisha.forward(100) # move forward by 100 units alisha.right(90) # turn by 90 degrees

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2. The code currently draws a square. Change it so that it draws a triangle.

   from turtle import * # use the turtle library space = Screen() # create a turtle space alisha = Turtle() # create a turtle named alisha alisha.setheading(90) # point due north for sides in [1,2,3,4]: # repeat the indented lines 4 times alisha.forward(100) alisha.right(90)

   Change the list to only have 3 items in it and change the angle to be 120.

   from turtle import * # use the turtle library space = Screen() # create a turtle space alisha = Turtle() # create a turtle named alisha alisha.setheading(90) # point due north for sides in [1,2,3]: # repeat the indented lines 3 times alisha.forward(100) alisha.right(120)

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3. Fix the code below to draw a rectangle. You will need to fix the indention on 3 lines.

   from turtle import * space = Screen() carlos = Turtle() # repeat 2 times for i in [1,2]: carlos.forward(175) carlos.right(90) carlos.forward(150) carlos.right(90)

   Change the indention on lines 2, 9 and 10 as shown below.

   from turtle import * space = Screen() carlos = Turtle() # repeat 2 times for i in [1,2]: carlos.forward(175) carlos.right(90) carlos.forward(150) carlos.right(90)

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4. Fix the errors in the code so that it draws an octagon.

   from turtle import * space = Screen() liz = Turtle() liz.setheading(90) for sides in range(9) liz.forward(45) liz.right(50)

   It should be range(8) and add a colon afterwards. Fix the indentation on the last line to be in the for loop, and switch the two numbers in the forward and right methods.

   from turtle import * space = Screen() liz = Turtle() liz.setheading(90) for sides in range(8): liz.forward(50) liz.right(45)

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5. Fill in values for x on line 5 and y on line 7 to allow the code below to correctly draw a pentagon.

   from turtle import * # use the turtle library space = Screen() # create a turtle space will = Turtle() # create a turtle named will will.setheading(90) # point due north for sides in range(x): # repeat the indented lines will.forward(100) # move forward by 100 units will.right(y)

   Change x to 5 and y to 72.

   from turtle import * # use the turtle library space = Screen() # create a turtle space will = Turtle() # create a turtle named will will.setheading(90) # point due north for sides in range(5): # repeat the indented lines 5 times will.forward(100) # move forward by 100 units will.right(72) # turn by 72 degrees

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6. Complete the code on lines 5 and 7 to draw a hexagon.

   from turtle import * space = Screen() mia = Turtle() mia.setheading(90) for sides in mia.forward(40) mia.

   Line 5 needs to say “for sides in range(6)” and line 7 has to have the turtle turning right by 60.

   from turtle import * space = Screen() mia = Turtle() mia.setheading(90) for sides in range(6): mia.forward(40) mia.right(60)

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7. Finish the code on lines 1, 2, 3, 6 and 8 below to correctly draw a triangle.

   from space = marie = # repeat for i in range(): marie.forward(100) marie.left()

   Add turtle import * to the end of line 1. Add Screen() to the end of line 2. Add Turtle() at the end of line 3. Set line 6 to repeat 3 times. Set line 8 to turn left 120 degrees.

   from turtle import * space = Screen() marie = Turtle() # repeat 3 times for i in range(3): marie.forward(100) marie.left(120)

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8. Finish the code to draw a 15 sided figure with each side having a length of 40.

   from turtle import * space = Screen() hi = Turtle()

   You need a for loop that iterates through 15 elements. In the body of the loop, the turtle must go forward 40 and turn left 24.

   from turtle import * space = Screen() hi = Turtle() for i in range(15): hi.forward(40) hi.left(24)

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9. Fix the indention in the code below to correctly draw 20 pentagons.

   from turtle import * # use the turtle library from sys import * # use the system library setExecutionLimit(50000) # let this take up to 50 seconds space = Screen() # create a turtle space zoe = Turtle() # create a turtle named zoe zoe.setheading(90) # point due north for repeats in range(20): # draw the pattern 20 times zoe.forward(10) # Offset the shapes a bit zoe.right(18) # And turn each one a bit # This part makes a pentagon for sides in range(5): # repeat 5 times zoe.forward(50) # move forward by 50 unit zoe.right(72) # turn by 72 degrees

   Indent lines 13-15 as shown below.

   from turtle import * # use the turtle library from sys import * # use the system library setExecutionLimit(50000) # let this take up to 50 seconds space = Screen() # create a turtle space zoe = Turtle() # create a turtle named zoe zoe.setheading(90) # point due north for repeats in range(20): # draw the pattern 20 times zoe.forward(10) # Offset the shapes a bit zoe.right(18) # And turn each one a bit # This part makes a pentagon for sides in range(5): # repeat 5 times zoe.forward(50) # move forward by 50 unit zoe.right(72) # turn by 72 degrees

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10. The procedure below draws a square. Write code that uses the procedure to draw two squares connected by a line 50 units in length.

    def square(aTurtle): for sides in range(4): aTurtle.forward(100) aTurtle.right(90)

    Call the statements needed to create a turtle. Then call the function, turn it left, move it forward, and call the function again

    def square(aTurtle): for sides in range(4): aTurtle.forward(100) aTurtle.right(90) from turtle import * space = Screen() t = Turtle() square(t) t.left(90) t.forward(50) square(t)

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11. Fix the following code below to draw a circle of turtles using the stamp procedure. You will need to change 3 lines.

    from turtle import * space = Screen() jose = Turtle() jose.shape("turtle") jose. for size in range(): jose.forward(50) jose.stamp() jose.forward() jose.right(36)

    On line 5 add penup(). On line 6 change it to (10). On line 9 change it to (-50).

    from turtle import * space = Screen() jose = Turtle() jose.shape("turtle") jose.penup() for size in range(10): jose.forward(50) jose.stamp() jose.forward(-50) jose.right(36)

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12. Complete the code where the x's are so that the code draws 20 triangles.

    from turtle import * from sys import * # use the system library setExecutionLimit(50000) # let this take up to 50 seconds space = Screen() t = x t.setheading(90) for repeats in range(x): t.color("blue") t.forward(10) t.left(18) for sides in range(x): t.color("green") t.forward(x) t.right(x)

    You need to call the Turtle() and then set the range to 20, then the next range to 3 and make the turtle go foward 60 and right 120.

    from turtle import * from sys import * # use the system library setExecutionLimit(50000) # let this take up to 50 seconds space = Screen() t = Turtle() t.setheading(90) for repeats in range(20): t.color("blue") t.forward(10) t.left(18) for sides in range(3): t.color("green") t.forward(60) t.right(120)

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13. Rewrite the following code to create a procedure to draw a square with a turtle. Pass the turtle and the size of the square as input (parameters) to the procedure.

    from turtle import * # use the turtle library space = Screen() # create a turtle space alisha = Turtle() # create a turtle named alisha alisha.setheading(90) # point due north for sides in [1,2,3,4]: # repeat the indented lines 4 times alisha.forward(100) # move forward by 100 units alisha.right(90) # turn by 90 degrees

    Define the procedure as shown below. Create a turtle and do all set-up before calling the procedure.

    def drawSquare(turtle,size): for sides in [1,2,3,4]: # repeat the indented lines 4 times turtle.forward(size) # move forward by 100 units turtle.right(90) # turn by 90 degrees from turtle import * # use the turtle library space = Screen() # create a turtle space alisha = Turtle() # create a turtle named alisha drawSquare(alisha,50)

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14. Currently, the code has a turtle drawing a straight line. Add 2 lines of code (1 before the loop and 1 in the loop) to make the turtle stamp in the line.

    from turtle import * space = Screen() tess = Turtle() tess.color("blue") tess.shape("turtle") for size in range(5, 60, 2): tess.forward(size)

    You have to add a penup statement before the loop and a stamp statement in the loop.

    from turtle import * space = Screen() tess = Turtle() tess.color("blue") tess.shape("turtle") tess.penup() for size in range(5, 60, 2): tess.stamp() tess.forward(size)

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15. Rewrite the following code to create a procedure to draw a rectangle with a turtle. Pass the turtle and the length and width of the rectangle as parameters to the procedure.

    from turtle import * space = Screen() carlos = Turtle() # repeat 2 times for i in [1,2]: carlos.forward(175) carlos.right(90) carlos.forward(150) carlos.right(90)

    Define the procedure to draw a rectangle given a turtle, the length, and the width. Call the procedure to test it.

    def drawRectangle(turtle,length,width): for i in [1,2]: turtle.forward(length) turtle.right(90) turtle.forward(width) turtle.right(90) from turtle import * space = Screen() carlos = Turtle() drawRectangle(carlos,50,100)

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16. Complete the code so that the turtle stamps a square pattern 20 times (it should look like a circle enclosing a couple of circles if you use a turn angle of 18)

    from turtle import * from sys import * # use the system library setExecutionLimit(50000) # let this take up to 50 seconds space = Screen() zoe = Turtle()

    Make sure to use penup before the loop. Inside the loop, there should be another loop, and you should call the stamp method inside both loops.

    from turtle import * from sys import * # use the system library setExecutionLimit(50000) #let this take up to 50 seconds space = Screen() zoe = Turtle() zoe.setheading(90) zoe.penup() for repeats in range(20): zoe.stamp() zoe.forward(10) zoe.right(18) for sides in range(4): zoe.stamp() zoe.forward(50) zoe.right(90)

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17. Create a procedure to draw 4 turtles at the 4 corners of a square using the stamp procedure.

    Define the procedure as shown below.

    def drawStampSquare(turtle,size): turtle.penup() turtle.shape("turtle") for sides in range(4): # repeat the indented lines 4 times turtle.forward(size) # move forward by 100 units turtle.stamp() turtle.right(90) # turn by 90 degrees from turtle import * space = Screen() carlos = Turtle() drawStampSquare(carlos,50)

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18. Create a procedure that takes in a turtle and integer parameter. The procedure should stamp a turtle shape into a circle in 20 steps with the forward number being equal to the parameter.

    In the procedure, have the two parameters. Change the turtle shape to “turtle” and use penup. Then have a loop for range of 20. Inside the loop make the turtle go forward by the int parameter value. Use the stamp method and then the turn right by 18.

    def circleDraw(turt, num): turt.shape("turtle") turt.penup() for size in range(20): turt.forward(num) turt.stamp() turt.right(18) from turtle import * space = Screen() turt = Turtle() circleDraw(turt, 20)

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19. Write a procedure that takes a turtle and a number of sides as parameters and draws a polygon with that number of sides.

    Create a procedure as shown below. Call it to test it.

    def drawPolygon(turtle,numSides): angle = 360 / numSides for x in range(numSides): turtle.forward(25) turtle.right(angle) from turtle import * space = Screen() carlos = Turtle() drawPolygon(carlos,7) carlos.forward(100) drawPolygon(carlos,9)

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20. Write a procedure that takes a turtle, an int for the number of sides for a polygon, and an int for the number of times to draw that polygon. The procedure should draw that polygon that number of times in a circular path.

    def drawShape(turtle, numSides, numTimes): anglePolygon = 360 / numSides circleShape = 360 / numTimes for x in range(numTimes): turtle.forward(20) turtle.right(circleShape) for y in range(numSides): turtle.forward(30) turtle.right(anglePolygon) from turtle import * space = Screen() t = Turtle() drawShape(t, 3, 20)

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