AP CSA Java Course

Welcome to CSAwesome! It’s time to start your journey to learn how to program with Java. A shortcut way to get to this site is to type in the url: course.csawesome.org

CSAwesome is a College Board endorsed curriculum for AP Computer Science A, an introductory college-level computer programming course in Java. If you are a teacher using this curriculum, please join the teaching CSAwesome group which will give you access to teacher resources at csawesome.org.

To make sure the site saves your answers on questions, please click on the person icon at the top to register or login to your Runestone course. As you complete lessons, click the “Mark as completed” button at the bottom. Enjoy the journey!

ATTENTION high school women of color taking AP CSA or CSP: if you identify as female and as Black, Hispanic/Latina, and/or Native American, apply to participate in Sisters Rise Up. The goal of Sisters Rise Up is to help you succeed in your AP Computer Science course and on the exam. They offer one-hour help sessions several times a week and once a month special help sessions often with guest speakers from computing. If you enroll in Sisters Rise Up and send in your AP CS exam score by the end of August, you will be sent a gift card for $100. See the flyer and apply at https://tinyurl.com/55z7tyb9.

ATTENTION high school women, genderqueer, and non-binary technologists: Apply Sept. 1st until Oct. 29th for the NCWIT Award for Aspirations in Computing to be recognized for all that you do (or want to do) in technology. Visit http://www.aspirations.org/AiCHSAward for details.

CSAwesome Units:

Table of Contents

• Assignments

• 1. Getting Started and Primitive Types
  • 1.1. Getting Started
    • 1.1.1. Preface
    • 1.1.2. About the AP CSA Exam
    • 1.1.3. Transitioning from AP CSP to AP CSA
    • 1.1.4. Java Development Environments
    • 1.1.5. Growth Mindset and Pair Programming
    • 1.1.6. Pretest for the AP CSA Exam
    • 1.1.7. Survey
  • 1.2. Why Programming? Why Java?
    • 1.2.1. First Java Program
    • 1.2.2. Print Methods
    • 1.2.3. Syntax Errors and Debugging
    • 1.2.4. Reading Error Messages
    • 1.2.5. Comments
    • 1.2.6. Debugging Challenge
    • 1.2.7. Summary
    • 1.2.8. AP Practice
  • 1.3. Variables and Data Types
    • 1.3.1. What is a Variable?
    • 1.3.2. Data Types
    • 1.3.3. Declaring Variables in Java
    • 1.3.4. Naming Variables
    • 1.3.5. Debugging Challenge : Weather Report
    • 1.3.6. Summary
    • 1.3.7. AP Practice
  • 1.4. Expressions and Assignment Statements
    • 1.4.1. Assignment Statements
    • 1.4.2. Adding 1 to a Variable
    • 1.4.3. Input with Variables
    • 1.4.4. Operators
    • 1.4.5. The Remainder Operator
    • 1.4.6. Programming Challenge : Dog Years
    • 1.4.7. Summary
    • 1.4.8. AP Practice
  • 1.5. Compound Assignment Operators
    • 1.5.1. Code Tracing Challenge and Operators Maze
    • 1.5.2. Summary
  • 1.6. Casting and Ranges of Values
    • 1.6.1. Programming Challenge : Average 3 Numbers
    • 1.6.2. Bonus Challenge : Unicode
    • 1.6.3. Summary
  • 1.7. Unit 1 Summary
    • 1.7.1. Concept Summary
    • 1.7.2. Java Keyword Summary
    • 1.7.3. Vocabulary Practice
    • 1.7.4. Common Mistakes
  • 1.8. Mixed Up Code Practice
  • 1.9. Toggle Mixed Up or Write Code Practice
  • 1.10. Coding Practice
  • 1.11. Multiple Choice Exercises
  • 1.12. Method Signatures (preview 2026 curriculum)
    • 1.12.1. Methods and Procedural Abstraction
    • 1.12.2. Method Calls
    • 1.12.3. Methods Signature, Parameters, Arguments
    • 1.12.4. Overloading
    • 1.12.5. Programming Challenge: Song with Parameters
    • 1.12.6. Summary
    • 1.12.7. AP Practice
  • 1.13. Calling Class Methods (preview 2026 curriculum)
    • 1.13.1. Non-void Methods
    • 1.13.2. Common Errors with Methods
    • 1.13.3. Methods Outside the Class
    • 1.13.4. Programming Challenge: Ladder on Tower
    • 1.13.5. Summary
    • 1.13.6. AP Practice
• 2. Using Objects
  • 2.1. Objects - Instances of Classes
    • 2.1.1. What are Objects and Classes?
    • 2.1.2. Intro to Objects with Turtles
    • 2.1.3. Creating Turtle Objects
    • 2.1.4. Programming Challenge : Turtle Drawing
    • 2.1.5. Summary
    • 2.1.6. AP Practice
  • 2.2. Creating and Initializing Objects: Constructors
    • 2.2.1. Overloading Constructors
    • 2.2.2. The World Class Constructors
    • 2.2.3. The Turtle Class Constructors
    • 2.2.4. Object Variables and References
    • 2.2.5. Constructor Signatures
    • 2.2.6. Formal and Actual Parameters
    • 2.2.7. Programming Challenge: Custom Turtles
    • 2.2.8. Summary
    • 2.2.9. AP Practice
  • 2.3. Calling Methods Without Parameters
    • 2.3.1. Procedural Abstraction
    • 2.3.2. Programming Challenge : Draw a Letter
    • 2.3.3. Summary
    • 2.3.4. AP Practice
  • 2.4. Calling Methods With Parameters
    • 2.4.1. Tracing Methods
    • 2.4.2. Programming Challenge : Turtle House
    • 2.4.3. Summary
    • 2.4.4. AP Practice
  • 2.5. Methods that Return Values
    • 2.5.1. Accessors / Getters
    • 2.5.2. Methods with Arguments and a Return Value
    • 2.5.3. Programming Challenge : Turtle Distances
    • 2.5.4. Summary
    • 2.5.5. AP Practice
  • 2.6. Strings
    • 2.6.1. String Operators - Concatenation
    • 2.6.2. Programming Challenge : Mad Libs
    • 2.6.3. Summary
  • 2.7. String Methods
    • 2.7.1. String Methods: length, substring, indexOf
    • 2.7.2. CompareTo and Equals
    • 2.7.3. Common Mistakes with Strings
    • 2.7.4. Programming Challenge : Pig Latin
    • 2.7.5. Summary
    • 2.7.6. String Methods Game
  • 2.8. Wrapper Classes - Integer and Double
    • 2.8.1. Programming Challenge : Debugging
    • 2.8.2. Summary
  • 2.9. Using the Math Class
    • 2.9.1. Mathematical Functions
    • 2.9.2. Random Numbers
    • 2.9.3. Programming Challenge : Random Numbers
    • 2.9.4. Summary
  • 2.10. Unit 2 Summary
    • 2.10.1. Concept Summary
    • 2.10.2. Java Keyword Summary
    • 2.10.3. Vocabulary Practice
    • 2.10.4. Common Mistakes
  • 2.11. Mixed Up Code Practice
  • 2.12. Toggle Mixed Up or Write Code Practice
  • 2.13. Coding Practice
  • 2.14. Practice Test for Objects (2.1-2.5)
  • 2.15. Multiple Choice Exercises
    • 2.15.1. Easier Multiple Choice Questions
    • 2.15.2. Medium Multiple Choice Questions
    • 2.15.3. Hard Multiple Choice Questions
  • 2.16. Unit 2 Free Response Question (FRQ) Practice
    • 2.16.1. FRQ Description of Level Class
    • 2.16.2. FRQ Practice
  • 2.17. Java Swing GUIs (optional)
• 3. Boolean Expressions and If Statements
  • 3.1. Boolean Expressions
    • 3.1.1. Testing Equality (==)
    • 3.1.2. Relational Operators (<, >)
    • 3.1.3. Testing with remainder (%)
    • 3.1.4. Programming Challenge : Prime Numbers POGIL
    • 3.1.5. Summary
    • 3.1.6. AP Practice
    • 3.1.7. Relational Operators Practice Game
  • 3.2. if Statements and Control Flow
    • 3.2.1. Relational Operators in If Statements
    • 3.2.2. Common Errors with If Statements
    • 3.2.3. Programming Challenge : Magic 8 Ball
    • 3.2.4. Summary
    • 3.2.5. AP Practice
  • 3.3. Two-way Selection: if-else Statements
    • 3.3.1. Nested Ifs and Dangling Else
    • 3.3.2. Math.random() in if Statements
    • 3.3.3. Programming Challenge : 20 Questions
    • 3.3.4. Summary
    • 3.3.5. AP Practice
  • 3.4. Multi-Selection: else-if Statements
    • 3.4.1. Programming Challenge : Adventure
    • 3.4.2. Summary
    • 3.4.3. AP Practice
  • 3.5. Compound Boolean Expressions
    • 3.5.1. And (&&), Or (||), and Not (!)
    • 3.5.2. Truth Tables
    • 3.5.3. Short Circuit Evaluation
    • 3.5.4. Programming Challenge : Truth Tables POGIL
    • 3.5.5. Summary
    • 3.5.6. AP Practice
    • 3.5.7. Boolean Game
  • 3.6. Equivalent Boolean Expressions (De Morgan’s Laws)
    • 3.6.1. De Morgan’s Laws
    • 3.6.2. Truth Tables
    • 3.6.3. Simplifying Boolean Expressions
    • 3.6.4. Programming Challenge : Truth Tables POGIL
    • 3.6.5. Summary
    • 3.6.6. AP Practice
  • 3.7. Comparing Objects
    • 3.7.1. String Equality
    • 3.7.2. Equality with New Strings
    • 3.7.3. Comparing with null
    • 3.7.4. Programming Challenge : Tracing Code
    • 3.7.5. Summary
    • 3.7.6. AP Practice
  • 3.8. Unit 3 - Summary
    • 3.8.1. Concept Summary
    • 3.8.2. Java Keyword Summary
    • 3.8.3. Vocabulary Practice
    • 3.8.4. Common Mistakes
  • 3.9. Mixed Up Code Practice
  • 3.10. Toggle Mixed Up or Write Code Practice
  • 3.11. Coding Practice
  • 3.12. Multiple Choice Exercises
    • 3.12.1. Easier Multiple Choice Questions
    • 3.12.2. Medium Multiple Choice Questions
    • 3.12.3. Hard Multiple Choice Questions
  • 3.13. Magpie Chatbot Lab
    • 3.13.1. Magpie ChatBot Lab
    • 3.13.2. Activity 2: Running Simplified Magpie Code
    • 3.13.3. Activity 3: Better Keyword Detection
    • 3.13.4. Activity 4: Responses that Transform Statements
    • 3.13.5. Mixed Up Code Practice
  • 3.14. Unit 3 Free Response Question (FRQ) Game Practice
    • 3.14.1. FRQ 1 Part A Description (2022)
    • 3.14.2. Warm up Exercises
    • 3.14.3. Solve the Problem
    • 3.14.4. AP Scoring Rubric
  • 3.15. More Practice (Experiment)
    • 3.15.1. Pretest
    • 3.15.2. Practice Problems
    • 3.15.3. Posttest
  • 3.16. FRQ Style Coding Practice
• 4. Iteration (Loops)
  • 4.1. While Loops
    • 4.1.1. Three Steps to Writing a Loop
    • 4.1.2. Tracing Loops
    • 4.1.3. Common Errors with Loops
    • 4.1.4. Input-Controlled Loops
    • 4.1.5. Programming Challenge : Guessing Game
    • 4.1.6. Summary
    • 4.1.7. AP Practice
  • 4.2. For Loops
    • 4.2.1. Three Parts of a For Loop
    • 4.2.2. Decrementing Loops
    • 4.2.3. Turtle Loops
    • 4.2.4. Programming Challenge : Turtles Drawing Shapes
    • 4.2.5. Summary
    • 4.2.6. AP Practice
  • 4.3. Loops and Strings
    • 4.3.1. While Find and Replace Loop
    • 4.3.2. For Loops: Reverse String
    • 4.3.3. Programming Challenge : String Replacement Cats and Dogs
    • 4.3.4. Summary
  • 4.4. Nested For Loops
    • 4.4.1. Nested Loops with Turtles
    • 4.4.2. Programming Challenge : Turtle Snowflakes
    • 4.4.3. Summary
  • 4.5. Loop Analysis
    • 4.5.1. Tracing Loops
    • 4.5.2. Counting Loop Iterations
    • 4.5.3. Non-rectangular Nested Loops
    • 4.5.4. Programming Challenge : POGIL Analyzing Loops
    • 4.5.5. Summary
    • 4.5.6. Loop Analysis Game
  • 4.6. Unit 4 Summary
    • 4.6.1. Concept Summary
    • 4.6.2. Java Keyword Summary
    • 4.6.3. Vocabulary Practice
    • 4.6.4. Common Mistakes
  • 4.7. Group Work - Remainder Operator (%)
    • 4.7.1. Going Beyond Remainder 4
    • 4.7.2. Look Deeper
    • 4.7.3. More Practice
    • 4.7.4. Long Division with a Remainder
    • 4.7.5. Dividing Evenly
    • 4.7.6. Describe the Remainder (%) Operator
  • 4.8. Mixed Up Code Practice
  • 4.9. Toggle Mixed Up or Write Code Practice
  • 4.10. Coding Practice with Loops
  • 4.11. Multiple Choice Exercises
    • 4.11.1. Easier Multiple Choice Questions
    • 4.11.2. Medium Multiple Choice Questions
    • 4.11.3. More Practice
  • 4.12. Free Response Questions (FRQs) for Control Structures
    • 4.12.1. 2019 APCalendar FRQ
    • 4.12.2. Part A: numberOfLeapYear()
    • 4.12.3. How to solve numberOfLeapYears()
    • 4.12.4. Part B: dayOfWeek()
  • 4.13. Free Response - Self Divisor A
    • 4.13.1. How to solve this problem
    • 4.13.2. Video - One way to code the solution
  • 4.14. Free Response - String Scramble A
    • 4.14.1. How to solve this problem
    • 4.14.2. Figuring out the algorithm
    • 4.14.3. Write the Code
    • 4.14.4. Video - One way to code the solution
  • 4.15. Consumer Review Lab
    • 4.15.1. Activity 0 Analyzing Reviews
    • 4.15.2. Activity 1 : Sentiment Value
    • 4.15.3. Activity 2 :Total Sentiment Value and Star Ratings
    • 4.15.4. Activity 3 : Autogenerate a Fake Review
    • 4.15.5. Activity 4 : Create a More Positive or Negative Review
    • 4.15.6. Activity 5 : Open-ended Activity
• 5. Writing Classes
  • 5.1. Anatomy of a Java Class
    • 5.1.1. Creating a Class
    • 5.1.2. Designing a Class
    • 5.1.3. Instance Variables
    • 5.1.4. Methods
    • 5.1.5. Object-Oriented Design
    • 5.1.6. Programming Challenge : Riddle Class
    • 5.1.7. Design a Class for your Community
    • 5.1.8. Summary
    • 5.1.9. AP Practice
  • 5.2. Writing Constructors
    • 5.2.1. Constructor Signature
    • 5.2.2. The Job of a Constructor
    • 5.2.3. Advanced AP Topic: Reference parameters
    • 5.2.4. Programming Challenge : Student Class
    • 5.2.5. Design a Class for your Community
    • 5.2.6. Summary
    • 5.2.7. AP Practice
  • 5.3. Comments and Conditions
    • 5.3.1. Comments
    • 5.3.2. Preconditions and Postconditions
    • 5.3.3. Software Validity and Use-Case Diagrams
    • 5.3.4. Agile Software Development
    • 5.3.5. Programming Challenge : Comments and Conditions
    • 5.3.6. Summary
  • 5.4. Accessors / Getters
    • 5.4.1. toString
    • 5.4.2. Programming Challenge : Class Pet
    • 5.4.3. Summary
    • 5.4.4. AP Practice
  • 5.5. Mutators / Setters
    • 5.5.1. How to write a setter
    • 5.5.2. Programming Challenge : Class Pet Setters
    • 5.5.3. Summary
    • 5.5.4. AP Practice
  • 5.6. Writing Methods
    • 5.6.1. Parameters
    • 5.6.2. Programming Challenge : Song with Parameters
    • 5.6.3. Design a Class for your Community
    • 5.6.4. Summary
    • 5.6.5. AP Practice
  • 5.7. Static Variables and Methods
    • 5.7.1. Programming Challenge : Static Song and counter
    • 5.7.2. Summary
  • 5.8. Scope and Access
    • 5.8.1. Programming Challenge : Debugging
    • 5.8.2. Summary
    • 5.8.3. AP Practice
  • 5.9. this Keyword
    • 5.9.1. Programming Challenge : Bank Account
    • 5.9.2. Summary
    • 5.9.3. AP Practice
  • 5.10. Social Impacts of CS
    • 5.10.1. POGIL Groupwork: Impacts of CS
    • 5.10.2. Summary
  • 5.11. Unit 5 Summary
    • 5.11.1. Concept Summary
    • 5.11.2. Java Keyword Summary
    • 5.11.3. Vocabulary Practice
    • 5.11.4. Common Mistakes
  • 5.12. Mixed Up Code Practice
  • 5.13. Toggle Mixed Up or Write Code Practice
  • 5.14. Multiple-Choice Exercises
  • 5.15. Midterm Test
  • 5.16. Free Response Question (FRQ) for Classes
    • 5.16.1. 2019 StepTracker Class FRQ
    • 5.16.2. Determining the Instance Variables
    • 5.16.3. Writing the Class Header and Constructor
    • 5.16.4. Writing the Accessor Method activeDays
    • 5.16.5. Writing the Mutator Method addDailySteps
    • 5.16.6. Writing the Accessor Method averageSteps
  • 5.17. Free Response Question - Time
  • 5.18. Free Response Question - APLine
    • 5.18.1. Try and Solve It
  • 5.19. College Board Celebrity and Data Labs
  • 5.20. Design a Class for your Community Project
    • 5.20.1. Code your Class
    • 5.20.2. Optional Swing GUI
• 6. Arrays
  • 6.1. Array Creation and Access
    • 6.1.1. Declaring and Creating an Array
    • 6.1.2. Using new to Create Arrays
    • 6.1.3. Initializer Lists to Create Arrays
    • 6.1.4. Array length
    • 6.1.5. Access and Modify Array Values
    • 6.1.6. Programming Challenge : Countries Array
    • 6.1.7. Design an Array of Objects for your Community
    • 6.1.8. Summary
    • 6.1.9. AP Practice
    • 6.1.10. Arrays Game
  • 6.2. Traversing Arrays with For Loops
    • 6.2.1. Index Variables
    • 6.2.2. For Loop to Traverse Arrays
    • 6.2.3. Looping From Back to Front
    • 6.2.4. Looping through Part of an Array
    • 6.2.5. Common Errors When Looping Through an Array
    • 6.2.6. Programming Challenge : SpellChecker
    • 6.2.7. Design an Array of Objects for your Community
    • 6.2.8. Summary
    • 6.2.9. Arrays Game
  • 6.3. Enhanced For-Loop (For-Each) for Arrays
    • 6.3.1. Foreach Loop Limitations
    • 6.3.2. Foreach Loop Algorithms
    • 6.3.3. Programming Challenge : SpellChecker 2
    • 6.3.4. Design an Array of Objects for your Community
    • 6.3.5. Summary
  • 6.4. Array Algorithms (FRQs)
    • 6.4.1. Free Response - Horse Barn A
    • 6.4.2. Free Response - Horse Barn B
    • 6.4.3. Free Response - Self Divisor B
    • 6.4.4. Free Response - Sound A
    • 6.4.5. Free Response - Sound B
    • 6.4.6. Free Response - Number Cube A
    • 6.4.7. Free Response - Number Cube B
  • 6.5. Unit 6 Summary
    • 6.5.1. Concept Summary
    • 6.5.2. Java Keyword Summary
    • 6.5.3. Vocabulary Practice
    • 6.5.4. Common Mistakes
  • 6.6. Mixed Up Code Practice
  • 6.7. Toggle Mixed Up or Write Code Practice
  • 6.8. Code Practice with Arrays
    • 6.8.1. More Practice
  • 6.9. Multiple-Choice Exercises
    • 6.9.1. Easier Multiple Choice Questions
    • 6.9.2. Medium Multiple Choice Questions
    • 6.9.3. Hard Multiple Choice Questions
  • 6.10. Practice Exam for Arrays
  • 6.11. More Code Practice with Arrays
• 7. ArrayList
  • 7.1. Intro to ArrayLists
    • 7.1.1. Packages and imports
    • 7.1.2. Declaring and Creating ArrayLists
    • 7.1.3. Programming Challenge : FRQ Digits
    • 7.1.4. Summary
  • 7.2. ArrayList Methods
    • 7.2.1. size()
    • 7.2.2. add(obj)
    • 7.2.3. add(index,obj)
    • 7.2.4. remove(index)
    • 7.2.5. get(index) and set(index, obj)
    • 7.2.6. Comparing arrays and ArrayLists
    • 7.2.7. Programming Challenge : Array to ArrayList
    • 7.2.8. Summary
  • 7.3. Traversing ArrayLists with Loops
    • 7.3.1. Enhanced For Each Loop
    • 7.3.2. For Loop
    • 7.3.3. While Loop
    • 7.3.4. ArrayList of Student Objects
    • 7.3.5. Programming Challenge : FRQ Word Pairs
    • 7.3.6. Summary
  • 7.4. ArrayList Algorithms
    • 7.4.1. Free Response - String Scramble B
    • 7.4.2. Free Response - Climbing Club A
    • 7.4.3. Free Response - Climbing Club B
    • 7.4.4. Free Response - Climbing Club C
    • 7.4.5. Free Response - CookieOrder A
    • 7.4.6. Free Response - CookieOrder B
    • 7.4.7. Free Response - StringFormatter A
    • 7.4.8. Free Response - StringFormatter B
    • 7.4.9. Free Response - Delimiters A
    • 7.4.10. Free Response - Delimiters B
    • 7.4.11. Free Response - Grid World A
  • 7.5. Searching Algorithms
    • 7.5.1. Sequential Search
    • 7.5.2. Binary Search
    • 7.5.3. Runtimes
    • 7.5.4. Programming Challenge : Search Runtimes
    • 7.5.5. Summary
  • 7.6. Sorting Algorithms
    • 7.6.1. Selection Sort
    • 7.6.2. Insertion Sort
    • 7.6.3. Programming Challenge : Sort Runtimes
    • 7.6.4. Summary
  • 7.7. Ethics of Data Collection and Data Privacy
    • 7.7.1. POGIL Groupwork: Data Privacy
    • 7.7.2. Summary
  • 7.8. ArrayList Summary
    • 7.8.1. Concept Summary
    • 7.8.2. Vocabulary Practice
    • 7.8.3. Common Mistakes
  • 7.9. Input Files (Optional)
    • 7.9.1. Java File, Scanner, and IOException Classes
    • 7.9.2. Reading in Data with Scanner
    • 7.9.3. Reading in Files with java.nio.file
    • 7.9.4. Object-Oriented Design with CSV Files
    • 7.9.5. Programming Challenge: ArrayList of Objects from Input File
  • 7.10. Mixed Up Code Practice
  • 7.11. Toggle Mixed Up or Write Code Practice
  • 7.12. Code Practice with ArrayLists
  • 7.13. Multiple-Choice Exercises
    • 7.13.1. Easier Multiple Choice Questions
    • 7.13.2. Medium Multiple Choice Questions
    • 7.13.3. Hard Multiple Choice Questions
    • 7.13.4. Easier Search/Sort Multiple Choice Questions
    • 7.13.5. Medium Search/Sort Multiple Choice Questions
    • 7.13.6. Hard Search/Sort Multiple Choice Questions
  • 7.14. College Board Celebrity and Data Labs
• 8. 2D Arrays
  • 8.1. Two-dimensional (2D) Arrays
    • 8.1.1. 2D Arrays (Day 1)
    • 8.1.2. Array Storage
    • 8.1.3. How Java Stores 2D Arrays
    • 8.1.4. Declaring 2D Arrays
    • 8.1.5. Set Value(s) in a 2D Array (Day 2)
    • 8.1.6. Initializer Lists for 2D Arrays
    • 8.1.7. Get a Value from a 2D Array
    • 8.1.8. Programming Challenge : ASCII Art
    • 8.1.9. Summary
    • 8.1.10. 2D Arrays Game
  • 8.2. Traversing 2D Arrays (nested loops)
    • 8.2.1. Nested Loops for 2D Arrays (Day 1)
    • 8.2.2. Getting the Number of Rows and Columns
    • 8.2.3. Looping Through a 2D Array
    • 8.2.4. AP Practice
    • 8.2.5. Enhanced For-Each Loop for 2D Arrays (Day 2)
    • 8.2.6. 2D Array Algorithms
    • 8.2.7. 2D Array of Objects
    • 8.2.8. Programming Challenge : Picture Lab
    • 8.2.9. Summary
    • 8.2.10. AP Practice
    • 8.2.11. 2D Arrays and Loops Game
  • 8.3. 2D Arrays Summary
    • 8.3.1. Concept Summary
    • 8.3.2. Vocabulary Practice
    • 8.3.3. Common Mistakes
  • 8.4. Mixed Up Code Practice
  • 8.5. Toggle Mixed Up or Write Code Practice
  • 8.6. Code Practice with 2D Arrays
  • 8.7. Free Response Questions
    • 8.7.1. Free Response - Gray Image A
    • 8.7.2. Free Response - Gray Image B
    • 8.7.3. Free Response - Route Cipher A
    • 8.7.4. Free Response - Route Cipher B
  • 8.8. Multiple-Choice Exercises
    • 8.8.1. Easier Multiple Choice Questions
    • 8.8.2. Medium Multiple Choice Questions
    • 8.8.3. Hard Multiple Choice Questions
  • 8.9. College Board Picture Lab and Steganography Lab for 2D Arrays
    • 8.9.1. Picture Lab A1 - A3
    • 8.9.2. Picture Lab A4: 2D Arrays in Java
    • 8.9.3. Picture Lab A5: Modifying a Picture
    • 8.9.4. Picture Lab A6: Mirroring Pictures
    • 8.9.5. Picture Lab A7: Mirroring Part of a Picture
    • 8.9.6. Picture Lab A8: Creating a Collage
    • 8.9.7. Picture Lab A9: Simple Edge Detection
  • 8.10. More Code Practice with 2D Arrays
• 9. Inheritance
  • 9.1. Inheritance, Superclass, Subclass
    • 9.1.1. Inheritance (Day 1)
    • 9.1.2. Subclass extends Superclass
    • 9.1.3. Why Use Inheritance?
    • 9.1.4. is-a vs. has-a (Day 2)
    • 9.1.5. is-a Substitution Test
    • 9.1.6. Programming Challenge : Online Store
    • 9.1.7. Summary
  • 9.2. Inheritance and Constructors
    • 9.2.1. Chain of initialization
    • 9.2.2. Programming Challenge : Square is-a Rectangle
    • 9.2.3. Summary
  • 9.3. Overriding Methods
    • 9.3.1. Overloading Methods
    • 9.3.2. Inherited Get/Set Methods
    • 9.3.3. Programming Challenge : Pet Sounds
    • 9.3.4. Summary
  • 9.4. super Keyword
    • 9.4.1. Programming Challenge : Customer Info
    • 9.4.2. Summary
  • 9.5. Inheritance Hierarchies
    • 9.5.1. Superclass References
    • 9.5.2. Superclass Method Parameters
    • 9.5.3. Superclass Arrays and ArrayLists
    • 9.5.4. Programming Challenge : Shopping Cart
    • 9.5.5. Summary
  • 9.6. Polymorphism
    • 9.6.1. Programming Challenge : Shopping Cart 2
    • 9.6.2. Summary
  • 9.7. Object Superclass
    • 9.7.1. toString() method
    • 9.7.2. equals Method
    • 9.7.3. Overriding the equals Method
    • 9.7.4. Programming Challenge : Savings Account
    • 9.7.5. Summary
  • 9.8. Inheritance Summary
    • 9.8.1. Concept Summary
    • 9.8.2. Java Keyword Summary
    • 9.8.3. Vocabulary Practice
    • 9.8.4. Common Mistakes
  • 9.9. Free Response Questions
    • 9.9.1. Free Response - Trio A
    • 9.9.2. Trio Student Solution 1
    • 9.9.3. Trio Student Solution 2
    • 9.9.4. Trio Student Solution 3
  • 9.10. Mixed Up Code Practice
  • 9.11. Toggle Mixed Up or Write Code Practice
  • 9.12. Code Practice with Object Oriented Concepts
  • 9.13. Multiple-Choice Exercises
    • 9.13.1. Easier Multiple Choice Questions
    • 9.13.2. Medium Multiple Choice Questions
    • 9.13.3. Hard Multiple Choice Questions
    • 9.13.4. More Practice
  • 9.14. College Board Celebrity Lab
• 10. Recursion
  • 10.1. Recursion
    • 10.1.1. What is Recursion? (Day 1)
    • 10.1.2. Why use Recursion?
    • 10.1.3. Factorial Method
    • 10.1.4. Base Case
    • 10.1.5. Tracing Recursive Methods (Day 2)
    • 10.1.6. Tracing Challenge : Recursion
    • 10.1.7. Summary
  • 10.2. Recursive Searching and Sorting
    • 10.2.1. Recursive Binary Search
    • 10.2.2. Merge Sort
    • 10.2.3. Tracing Challenge : Recursive Search and Sort
    • 10.2.4. Summary
  • 10.3. Recursion Summary
    • 10.3.1. Concept Summary
    • 10.3.2. Vocabulary Practice
    • 10.3.3. Common Mistakes
  • 10.4. Mixed Up Code Practice
  • 10.5. More Mixed Up Code Practice
  • 10.6. Toggle Mixed Up or Write Code Practice
  • 10.7. Code Practice for Recursion
  • 10.8. Exercises
    • 10.8.1. Base Case Practice
    • 10.8.2. Easier Multiple Choice Questions
    • 10.8.3. Medium Multiple Choice Questions
    • 10.8.4. Hard Multiple Choice Questions
• 11. Post Test and Survey
  • 11.1. Post Test
  • 11.2. Post-Survey
• 12. Preparing for the Exam
  • 12.1. Preparing for the AP CSA Exam
  • 12.2. Exam 1 for the AP CSA Exam (not timed)
  • 12.3. Exam 2 for the AP CSA Exam (not timed)
  • 12.4. Exam 3 for the AP CSA Exam (not timed)
  • 12.5. Exam 4 for the AP CSA Exam (not timed)
  • 12.6. Exam 5 for the AP CSA Exam (not timed)
  • 12.7. Exercises
• 13. Timed Multiple-Choice Exams
  • 13.1. Practice Exam 1 for the AP CSA Exam
  • 13.2. Practice Exam 2 for the AP CSA Exam
  • 13.3. Practice Exam 3 for the AP CSA Exam
  • 13.4. Practice Exam X
  • 13.5. AP Bowl 2021 - Part A
• 14. Mixed Up Code - Free Response Practice
  • 14.1. RandomStringChooser - Part A Parsons
    • 14.1.1. Mixed Up Code Practice
    • 14.1.2. More Mixed Up Code Practice
  • 14.2. RandomStringChooser - Part A
    • 14.2.1. Try and Solve It - Again
  • 14.3. RandomStringChooser - Part B Parsons
  • 14.4. RandomStringChooser - Part B - 2nd time
    • 14.4.1. Try and Solve It - Again
  • 14.5. Exercises
• 15. Free Response Practice
  • 15.1. RandomStringChooser - Part A
    • 15.1.1. Try and Solve It
  • 15.2. RandomStringChooser - Part B
    • 15.2.1. Try and Solve It
  • 15.3. StringCoder - Part A
    • 15.3.1. Try and Solve It
  • 15.4. StringCoder - Part B
    • 15.4.1. Try and Solve It
  • 15.5. StudentAnswerSheet - Part A
    • 15.5.1. Try and Solve It
  • 15.6. StudentAnswerSheet - Part B
    • 15.6.1. Try and Solve It
  • 15.7. SkyView - Part A
    • 15.7.1. Try and Solve It
  • 15.8. SkyView - Part B
    • 15.8.1. Try and Solve It
  • 15.9. Hidden Word - Write Class
    • 15.9.1. Try and Solve It
  • 15.10. ArrayTester - Part A
    • 15.10.1. Try and Solve It
  • 15.11. ArrayTester - Part B
    • 15.11.1. Try and Solve It
  • 15.12. NumberGroup - Part B
    • 15.12.1. Try and Solve It
  • 15.13. NumberGroup - Part C
    • 15.13.1. Try and Solve It
  • 15.14. Exercises
• 16. Stories
  • 16.1. Challenges In Computing
    • 16.1.1. Impostor Syndrome
    • 16.1.2. A Lack of Diversity
  • 16.2. Meet The Interviewees
    • 16.2.1. Anaya Taylor
    • 16.2.2. Bryan Hickerson
    • 16.2.3. Briceida Mariscal
    • 16.2.4. Carla De Lira
    • 16.2.5. Camille Mbayo
    • 16.2.6. Destini Deinde-Smith
    • 16.2.7. Eric Espinoza
    • 16.2.8. Dr. Gloria Opoku-Boateng
    • 16.2.9. Dr. Juan Gilbert
    • 16.2.10. Luisa Morales
    • 16.2.11. Lucas Vocos
    • 16.2.12. Lien Diaz
    • 16.2.13. Milly Rodriguez
    • 16.2.14. Dr. Nettrice Gaskins
• 17. Hidden Items

Index

• Index

• Search Page

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(last revised 9/2024)

© Copyright 2014-2024 Barb Ericson, Univ. Michigan; 2019-2024 Beryl Hoffman, Elms College; 2023-2024 Peter Seibel, Berkeley High School. All rights reserved.

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